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Sagot :
Réponse :
Qu'est-ce qui fait vibrer les entreprises informatiques emblématiques de la Silicon Valley?
Explications :
Six thousand companies including Apple, Hewlett-Packard, Intel, Google, Oracle, eBay, Cisco Systems and Facebook, nearly 1.5 million jobs, a GDP of around $500 billion, annual investments of more than $10 billion... Located in the southern part of the San Francisco Bay Area, in the heart of California, Silicon Valley - the "silicon valley", a name coined in 1971 by journalist Don Hoefler in reference to the basic material of electronic components - alone embodies the domination of the United States in the field of high-tech and high-tech industries. It is the undisputed world champion in value creation and is the result of an exceptional combination of factors: a concentration of grey matter that is unparalleled in the world due to the existence of high-performance university centres - including Stanford University -, very close links between the academic and business worlds, the presence of all the major venture capital firms, not to mention, of course, the climate, which helps to attract scientists from all walks of life to the region. The Silicon Valley is a veritable compendium of the world: students from all over the world flock to the region because they are attracted by excellent training and the possibility of finding a job very quickly. Added to all these factors is a very particular state of mind where a certain taste for risk goes hand in hand with a culture of protest and idealism inherited from California in the 1960s. Contrary to a very widespread idea, Silicon Valley start-ups have not invented much on the technical level. Neither the personal computer, nor the transistor, nor the Internet, nor the microprocessor have seen the light of day in California. But to all these products, Silicon Valley's child prodigies brought their personal touch and their vision of the world: the desire to make the computer user-friendly and accessible to all for Apple's founder, universal access to knowledge for Google's creators, or the ability for everyone to communicate easily from one end of the planet to the other for Facebook's father. In many ways, Silicon Valley's phenomenal success was built on dreams. Dreams that have generated billions of dollars in profit.
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