Réponse :At the beginning of September, it is back to school and for colored people, racial segregation is legally abolished since the judgment of the Supreme Court Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka in 1954. Despite this, the school segregation that has separated Blacks and Whites since the end of the Reconstruction after the Civil War (period between 1865 and 1877 following the defeat of the Southerners and the end of slavery) , causes incidents every year.
On Wednesday September 4, 1957 in Little Rock, Arkansas, nine African American teenagers were barred from entering their high school by a crowd of several hundred adults who shouted racist slurs.
When the black pupils present themselves there, they are insulted and repelled by the guard. Violent racist protests advocating segregation and supported by the Little Rock National Guard raged for about three weeks.
The nine people harassed by little rock are:
Minnijean Brown-Trickey (born in 1941)
Elizabeth Eckford (born in 1941) is famous for the photograph taken by photographer Will Counts where we see her walking alone, surrounded by a crowd of white women who insult her.
Gloria Ray Karlmark (born in 1942)
Melba Pattillo Beals (born in 1941)
Thelma Mothershed-Wair (fr) (born in 1940)
Ernest Gideon Green (born in 1941)
Jefferson Thomas (1942-2010)
Terrence Roberts (en) (born in 1941)
Carlotta Walls LaNier (fr) (born in 1942)
Eight of the nine are still alive and will return to Little Rock on Monday to mark the 60th anniversary of the first great American battle over school racial segregation. A day later, many will be in Washington to speak at the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture. It will be a time to reflect on the extent to which the United States has successfully unraveled educational apartheid - and whether, in recent years, progress has stopped or even reversed.
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